History of C++ Programming Language
C++ is a general-purpose
programming language.
C++ is used to
create computer programs.Anything form art application, music players and even
video game.
It
has imperative, object-oriented and generic programming
features, while also providing facilities
for low-level memory manipulation.
Many other
programming languages are derived from the C language. Some did well and some
did not. The languages Objective-C and C++ for instance are derived from the C
language. Both languages add the “object oriented” element to the
language C. One of the most recent languages, that used much of the C language,
is Java
It was designed
with a bias toward system programming and embedded,
resource-constrained and large systems, with performance, efficiency and
flexibility of use as its design highlights. C++ has also been found useful in
many other contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and
resource-constrained applications, including desktop applications, servers
(e.g. e-commerce, web search or SQL servers), and
performance-critical applications (e.g. telephone
switches or space probes).[C++ is a compiled language, with
implementations of it available on many platforms. Many vendors
provide C++ compilers, including the Free Software
Foundation, Microsoft, Intel, and IBM.
C++ is
standardized by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), with the latest standard version ratified and
published by ISO in December 2017 as ISO/IEC 14882:2017 (informally
known as C++17).[8] The C++ programming language was initially standardized
in 1998 as ISO/IEC 14882:1998, which was then amended by
the C++03, C++11 and C++14 standards. The current C++17 standard
supersedes these with new features and an enlarged standard
library. Before the initial standardization in 1998, C++ was developed
by Bjarne Stroustrupat Bell Labs since 1979, as an extension of
the C language as he wanted an efficient and flexible language
similar to C, which also provided high-level features for program
organization. C++20 is the next planned standard thereafter.
Many other
programming languages have been influenced by C++,
including C#, D, Java, and newer versions of C.
C++ was developed significantly
after its first release.1 In particular, "ARM C++"
added exceptions and templates, and ISO C++ added RTTI, namespaces, and a
standard library.1
C++ was
designed for the UNIX system environment. With C++ programmers could improve
the quality of code they produced and reusable code was easier to write.
Bjarne
Stroustrup had studied in the doctoral program at the Computing Laboratory at
Cambridge University prior to joining Bell Labs. Now, Bell Labs no longer has
that name since part of Bell Labs became AT&T Labs. The other
half became Lucent Bell labs.
Prior to
C++, C was a programming language developed at Bell Labs circa 1969-1973. The
UNIX operating system was also being developed at Bell Labs at the same time. C
was originally developed
For and implemented on the UNIX
operating system, on a PDP-11 computer by Dennis
Ritchie. He extended the B language by adding types in 1971. He called this
NB for New B. Ritchie credited some of his inspiration from
theAlgol68 language. Ritchie restructured the language and rewrote the
compiler and gave his new language the name "C" in 1972. 90% of UNIX
was then written in C. The committee that wrote the 1989 ANSI Standard for C
had started work on the C Standard project in 1983 after having been
established by ANSI in that year. There were quite a number of versions of C at
that time and a new Standard was necessary.